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Osteoporosis
The bones are important components which leverage and provide support to the human body. They are composed of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. Bones generally hold 99 percent of the body’s calcium.
Osteoporosis [or] porous bone is characterized by low bone mass & structural deterioration of bone tissue which leads to bone fragility & increased susceptibility to fracture of the hip, spine, and wrist.
Two essential cells are involved in the daily turnover of the bone
Osteoblast cells and
Osteoclast cells
Over activity of the osteoclast cells leads to osteoporosis
There are two types of osteoporosis, primary & secondary osteoporosis.
Primary osteoporosis is in turn divided into,
Type I and
Type II
Symptoms of osteoporosis are
Swelling and joint pain,
Fracture
Disfigurement and debilitation and
Kyphosis
Osteoporosis can be diagnosed by:
Bone Densitometry
Ultrasound. and by
Quantitative Computed Tomography
Osteoporosis can be treated by changes in lifestyle like quitting smoking, regular exercise, a balanced diet, and by taking medications such as estrogen replacement therapy , biphosponates (Alendronate and risedronate ), or synthetic calcitonin or parathyroid hormone supplements.
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