7. If the frostbite is extensive, give warm drinks to the victim in order to replace lost fluids.
Do Not:
DO NOT thaw out a frostbitten area if it cannot be kept thawed. Refreezing may make tissue damage even worse.
DO NOT use direct dry heat (such as a radiator, campfire, heating pad, or hair dryer) to thaw the frostbitten areas. Direct heat can burn the tissues that are already damaged.
DO NOT rub or massage the affected area.
DO NOT disturb blisters on frostbitten skin.
DO NOT smoke or drink alcoholic beverages during recovery as both can interfere with blood circulation.
Call immediately for emergency medical assistance if:
There has been severe frostbite, or if normal feeling and color do not return promptly after home treatment for mild frostbite.
Frostbite has occurred recently and new symptoms develop, such as fever, malaise, discoloration, or drainage from the affected body part.
References:
Ulrich AS. Hypothermia and localized cold injuries. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2004; 22(2): 281-98.
Petrone P. Surgical management and strategies in the treatment of hypothermia and cold injury. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2003; 21(4): 1165-78.
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