Medical Health Encyclopedia

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Injury Disease Nutrition Poison Symptoms Surgery Test Special Topic

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Heart, section through the middle Heart, front view Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Definition:

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of cardiomyopathy (disease of the heart muscle) involving thickening of the heart muscle. This interferes with the function of the heart.

Alternative Names:
Cardiomyopathy - hypertrophic (HCM); IHSS; Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis; Asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH).

Text Continues Below

---

Causes, incidence, and risk factors:

In this condition, heart muscle becomes too thick to function properly. The thickening is often not symetrical, affecting one part of the heart more than others. It may interfere with the functioning of the heart by reducing the size of the ventricular chamber. It may also reduce the ability of the valves to work properly. The thickening of the heart muscle may, in some circumstances, obstruct the flow of blood out of the heart.

In addition, heart cells become tangled and jumbled up instead of maintaining their normal pattern. One consequence of the disarray of these cells is that the electrical impulses that normally run though the heart muscle cannot proceed normally, which can lead to abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias).

HCM is usually an inherited disorder, the consequence of several defects in the genes controlling heart muscle growth. The abnormal muscle growth usually occurs during periods of a person's rapid general growth, typically during adolescence.

Younger people are likely to have a more severe form of the disease, but HCM may be diagnosed in people of all ages. HCM among people over 60 years of age is often associated with mild hypertension (high blood pressure).

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 2004 A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.