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A physical exam usually reveals a small thyroid gland. Vital signs (temperature, pulse, rate of breathing, blood pressure) reveal a slow heart rate, low blood pressure, and low temperature.
A chest x-ray may reveal an enlarged heart.
Laboratory tests to determine thyroid function include:
- Free T4 test
- Total T3
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Serum TSH -- Results are generally low in secondary hypothyroidism because the pituitary is damaged. However, normal or even high values may be seen.
Additional laboratory abnormalities may include:
- Increased cholesterol levels
- Increased liver enzymes
- Increased serum prolactin
- Low serum sodium
- Low blood glucose
- A CBC that shows anemia
- Deficiency or excess of other pituitary hormones
Imaging will include an MRI of the pituitary to look for a tumor.
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