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The syndrome is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, extragonadal germ cell tumor (a rare tumor), lung disease, varicose veins, and osteoporosis. There is also an increased risk for autoimmune disorder such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sjogren's syndrome.
Learning disabilities are common, despite normal or high IQ. The risks of dyslexia, attention deficient hyperactivity disorder, and depression may be higher.
Taurodontism, which is when the teeth have enlarged pulp and surface thinning, is very common in Klinefelter syndrome. It can be diagnosed by dental x-rays.
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