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There is no specific cure for migraine headaches. The goal is to prevent symptoms by avoiding or altering triggers. When you do get migraine symptoms, try to treat them right away. The headache may be less severe.
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A good way to identify triggers is to keep a headache diary. See headache.
When migraine symptoms begin:
- Rest in a quiet, darkened room
- Drink fluids to avoid dehydration (especially if you have vomited)
- Try placing a cool cloth on your head
Over-the-counter pain medications like acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or aspirin are often helpful, especially when your migraine is mild. (Be aware, however, that chronic usage of such pain medications may result in rebound headaches.) If these don't help, ask your doctor about prescription medications.
Your doctor will select from several different types of medications, including:
- Ergots like dihydroergotamine or ergotamine with caffeine (Cafergot)
- Triptans like sumatriptan (Imitrex), rizatriptan (Maxalt), almotriptan (Axert), frovatriptan (Frova), and zolmitriptan (Zomig); these are available as a tablet, nasal spray, or self-administered injection
- Isometheptene (Midrin)
- Stronger pain relievers (narcotics)
Many of the prescription medications for migraines narrow your blood vessels. Therefore, these drugs should not be used if you have heart disease, unless specifically instructed by your doctor.
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