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The goal is to relieve symptoms and prevent future headaches. Prevention is the best treatment. If possible, remove or control precipitating factors.
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Learn and practice stress management strategies. Some people find relaxation exercises or meditation helpful. Biofeedback (a means of providing information about certain body functions) may enhance relaxation exercises and may be helpful for chronic tension headache.
Other preventive measures may include keeping warm if the headache is associated with cold, using a different pillow, or changing sleeping positions. Use good posture when reading, working, or doing other activities that may cause headache. Exercise the neck and shoulders frequently when typing, working on computers, or doing close work.
Adequate sleep and rest or massage of sore muscles can help reduce the chance that a headache will occur. Hot or cold showers or baths may relieve a headache for some people.
Over-the-counter analgesics such as aspirin, ibruprofen, or acetominophen may relieve pain if the above measures are ineffective. An antidepressant or other medication may be advised for chronic headache. A nonsedating muscle relaxant like Skelaxin helps some patients.
A headache diary may help you identify the source of chronic headaches. When a headache occurs, write down the date and time the headache began. Note what you ate for the preceding 24 hours, sleep pattern and amount of sleep, what was being experienced immediately before the headache, unusual stress or other circumstances, how long the headache lasted, and what made it stop.
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