SVC obstruction

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Superior vena cava obstruction; Superior vena cava syndrome

The goal of treatment is to relieve the blockage.

Diuretics ("water pills") or steroids may be used to relieve swelling.

Other treatment options may include radiation or chemotherapy to shrink the tumor, or surgery to remove the tumors. Surgery to bypass the obstruction is rarely performed. Placement of a stent to open up the SVC is available at some medical centers.

The outcome varies depending on the cause and the amount of blockage.

SVCS caused by a tumor is a sign that the tumor has spread, and it indicates a poorer long-term outlook.

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The throat could become blocked, which can block the airways.

Increased pressure may develop in the brain, leading to changed levels of consciousness, nausea, vomiting, or vision changes.

Call your health care provider if you develop symptoms of SVC obstruction. Complications are serious and can sometimes be fatal.

Review Date: 01/05/2011
Reviewed By: Jacob L. Heller, MD, MHA, Emergency Medicine, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org).