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The goals of treatment are to perform emergency measures, if necessary, and to reduce the incidence of future seizures.
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Emergency treatment may not be required, unless the seizure becomes generalized or consciousness is lost. First-aid measures should be performed as appropriate, including protection from injury, prevention of breathing vomit or mucus into the lungs, and airway protection or assistance with breathing.
Record details of the seizure and report them to the health care provider. Important details include date and time of the seizure, how long it lasted, which body parts were affected, type of movements or other symptoms, possible causes and other factors which provide information about the episode (such as what immediately preceded it).
The treatment of causes may stop the occurrence of seizures. This may include medical treatment of seizure disorders like epilepsy, surgical repair of tumors, or brain lesions and other treatments.
Oral anticonvulsants (anti-seizure medications) are used to prevent or reduce the number of future seizures. Response is individual, and the medication and the dosage may have to be adjusted repeatedly.
Multiple, repeated seizures are usually treated with long-term use of an antiepileptic drug.
Follow-up includes reviewing the need for drugs at least yearly. Drugs may be required indefinitely. Plasma drug-level monitoring is important to continue control of seizures and reduce side effects.
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