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Trachoma
Definition:
Trachoma is an eye infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, which may result in chronic scarring and blindness if left untreated. Alternative Names:
Granular conjunctivitis; Egyptian ophthalmia Text Continues Below
Causes, incidence, and risk factors:
Trachoma is caused by infection with the bacteria Chlamydiatrachomatis. It has an incubation period of 5 to 12 days and begins slowly as conjunctivitis (irritation near the eye, "pink eye"), which if untreated may become chronic and lead to scarring. If the eyelids are severely irritated, the eyelashes may turn in and rub against the cornea. This can cause eye ulcers, further scarring, visual loss, and even blindness. Trachoma occurs worldwide -- primarily in rural settings in developing countries. It frequently affects children, although the consequences of scarring may not be evident until later in life. While trachoma is rare in the United States, certain populations marked by poverty, crowded living conditions, and/or poor hygiene are at higher risk for this illness. Trachoma is acquired via direct contact with eye or nose-throat secretions from affected individuals or by contact with inanimate objects that are contaminated with these secretions, such as towels or clothes. In addition, certain flies that have fed on these secretions can transmit trachoma.
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