Your doctor will perform a physical examination, including a detailed examination of the ankles, and ask questions such as:

• Does the pain shift from joint to joint?
• Is the pain the same in both ankles?
• Did the pain begin suddenly and severely?
• Did the pain begin slowly and mildly and then get worse?
• Did the pain resolve spontaneously in less than 6 weeks?
• Does the ankle feel warm to the touch?
• Does the ankle hurt when you are not bearing weight on it?

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Diagnostic tests that may be performed include the following:

• X-ray of the ankle and possibly the foot
• Aspiration of synovial fluid (fluid from the joint space) and synovial fluid analysis

• Lose weight if you are overweight. Extra pounds put strain on your ankles.
• Warm-up before exercising. Stretch the muscles and tendons that anchor the ankle.
• Avoid sports and activities for which you are not properly conditioned.
• Make sure that shoes fit you properly. Avoid high-heeled shoes.
• If you are prone to ankle pain or twisting your ankle during certain activities, use ankle support braces. These include air-casts, ACE bandages, or lace-up ankle supports.

Chorley JN. Ankle sprain discharge instructions from the emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2005; 21(8): 498-501.