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Hemoglobin electrophoresis


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Alternative Names

Hb electrophoresis; Hgb electrophoresis; Electrophoresis - hemoglobin


Normal Values

In adults, these hemoglobin molecules make up the following percentages of total hemoglobin:

  • Hb A: 95% to 98%
  • Hb A2: 2% to 3%
  • Hb F: 0.8% to 2%
  • Hb S: 0%
  • Hb C: 0%

In infants and children, these hemoglobin molecules make up the following percentages of total hemoglobin:

  • Hb F (newborn): 50% to 80%
  • Hb F (6 months): 8%
  • Hb F (over 6 months): 1% to 2%

Note: Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your doctor about the meaning of your specific test results.


What abnormal results mean

The presence of significant levels of abnormal hemoglobins may indicate:

  • Hemoglobin C disease
  • Rare hemoglobinopathy
  • Sickle cell anemia
  • Thalassemia


Review Date: 02/05/2010
Reviewed By: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine; and Yi-Bin Chen, MD, Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplant Program, Massachusetts General Hospital. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org).




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