 | | | | Medical Health Encyclopedia | |
Gynecologic laparoscopy
Definition:
Gynecologic laparoscopy involves a group of minimally invasive surgical procedures on the female reproductive organs performed with the aid of a small camera. Alternative Names:
Exploratory laparoscopy - gynecologic; Laparoscopic tubal ligation; Laparoscopic oophorectomy; Laparoscopic hysterectomy; Laparoscopic egg harvest Text Continues Below
How the test is performed:
The first gynecologic procedures involving a laparoscope included exploratory laparoscopy to diagnose ovarian disease such as cysts, torsion, and cancer. Since then, more complex operations have developed, including laparoscopic removal of a tubal pregnancy, harvest of eggs for in vitro fertilization, and -- more recently --laparoscopic removal of the uterus (hysterectomy) or the ovaries. For complex laparoscopic operations, patients should consult with a primary health care provider to find a medical facility that specializes in the specific operation. The procedure is usually done in the hospital, under general anesthesia. A catheter is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. An additional tube, called a nasogastric (NG) tube, may be passed through the nostril and into the stomach to remove intestinal contents. The skin of the abdomen is cleansed, and sterile drapes are applied. A small incision is made above or below the navel to allow the insertion of a tube called a trocar, which allows passage of a tiny video camera into the abdomen. Prior to insertion of the trocar, a needle is inserted into the incision and carbon dioxide gas is injected to elevate the abdominal wall, thereby creating a larger space to work in. This allows for easier viewing and manipulation of the organs.
| 
.gif)
