Travel to Developing Countries - General Health Precautions

General Health Precautions

More than 50 million people from industrialized nations travel to developing countries each year. Such trips can pose significant health hazards. Travelers who plan to visit developing or tropical countries, as well as those embarking on prolonged vacations or arduous treks, should take a number of precautions.

Medical Preparation

It is important to see a doctor in preparation for travel to a developing nation. Since many doctors may find it hard to keep abreast of medical trends in foreign countries, a local travel clinic may be especially helpful. In addition, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention maintains a Traveler's Health web site (www.cdc.gov/travel). The site covers news about dangerous disease outbreaks around the world, safety guidelines, and detailed information about diseases of particular concerns to travelers.

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• Travelers to developing countries should have a thorough checkup and prepare for any health situation at least 4 - 6 weeks before the trip. Be sure to get a checkup , even if this much advance time is not available.
• Take a brief summary of your medical history with you on your trip. This summary should include results of abnormal tests or electrocardiograms (EKGs) and a list of any drug allergies you have.
• Take along a list of medications you normally use, noting all trade and generic names as well as dosages. In addition, the doctor should give you a letter authorizing any necessary medications; this precaution will facilitate customs and security checks.

If you wear contact lenses, ask your doctor about taking along ocular (eye) antibiotics.

Immunizations

The following are general guidelines for vaccinations for travelers: Travelers to developing countries should check with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control, U.S. State Department, or World Health Organization for the latest information on immunization requirements at their destinations. A visit to a travel clinic will also furnish this information. Studies indicate that multiple vaccines may be given at the same time to most adults, without significantly increasing adverse effects.

Routine vaccinations. Adults and children should make sure routine vaccinations are up-to-date. Travelers visiting developing countries may need booster doses. Depending on a person's age, immunization history, medical condition, and travel plans, recommended vaccinations may include: