Medical Health Encyclopedia

Bisphosphonates, including alendronate (Fosamax) are bone-restoring agents used for osteoporosis. There is some evidence they also may reduce bone loss in the structures that support the teeth. Alendronate (Fosamax) and risedronate (Actonel) are currently the standard oral bisphosphonates. Some researchers are studying administering bisphosphonates topically directly on the gums.

Growth Factors

Gels containing growth factors, included substances called recombinant human (rh) platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) and (rh) insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) are also showing promise for restoring bone.

Vaccines

Research is under way to find a vaccine against periodontal disease. To date, animal studies show promise, but an effective vaccine for people is years away.

Photodynamic Therapy

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Researchers are investigating the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an alternative to antibiotic drugs. PDT destroys periodontal bacteria by applying photosensitive drugs to oral regions and exposing the drug-treated area to a light or laser. Research appears promising but is still in preliminary stages.