Medical Health Encyclopedia

Effect on Survival by Location of the Cataract. Some studies have suggested poorer survival specifically in patients with nuclear or mixed cataracts but not in those with cataracts in the cortex or capsule. Not all studies have found these differences. In any case, nuclear cataracts are highly associated with smoking and diabetes, although some studies have found lower survival rates in patients with nuclear cataract regardless of these health risks.

Effect on Driving

A 2002 study reported twice the rate of automobile accidents in patients who do not have cataract surgery compared to those who had surgery. This finding, however, is obscured by the possibility that patients who choose not to have surgery may have other health problems that put them at risk for accidents. Also, driving skills decline with age in nearly everyone. Cataract surgery, then, is no insurance against age-related accidents.

Effect on Daily Functioning

Reduced vision ranks third only behind arthritis and heart disease as a cause of impaired function in older people. Extensive cataracts can compromise the ability to earn a living, read, drive, or live independently. Although vision loss has been associated with a number of major adverse effects, few studies have reported on the effect of vision on daily activities.

Text Continues Below

---

Both blurred vision and problems in seeing contrasts contribute to impaired activity. The degree of these impairments, however, may have different effects on disability depending on individual tasks and needs. For example, even a slight loss in vision sharpness and contrast can impair the ability to recognize faces or slow down reading speed. For those who read very quickly, this may not be significant, but it could be very disabling for slower readers. In one study, people under 65 rated blurred vision as reducing their quality of life more than any other chronic medical problem except shortness of breath.

Nevertheless some people who have small cataracts can see well enough around the clouded areas to live normally. But for many people, cataracts are extensive enough to interfere greatly with daily activities.