Medical Health Encyclopedia

Employer Intervention. Employers can be particularly effective. Their approach should also be compassionate but strong, threatening the employee with loss of employment if he or she does not seek help. Some large companies provide access to inexpensive or free treatment programs for their workers. Studies suggest that such interventions are effective at helping the worker at least to cut back on drinking.

Overall Treatment Goals

The ideal goals of long-term treatment by many doctors and organizations such as Alcoholics Anonymous are total abstinence. Patients who secure total abstinence have better survival rates, mental health, and marriages, and they are more responsible parents and employees than those who continue to drink or relapse. To achieve this, the patient aims to avoid high-risk situations and replace the addictive patterns with satisfying, time-filling behaviors.

Because abstinence is so difficult to attain, however, many professionals choose to treat alcoholism as a chronic disease. In other words, patients should expect and accept relapse but should aim for as long a remission period as possible. Even merely reducing alcohol intake can lower the risk for alcohol-related medical problems.

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Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and other alcoholic treatment groups are greatly worried by treatment approaches that do not aim for strict abstinence, however. Many people with alcoholism are eager for any excuse to start drinking again. There is also no way to determine which people can stop after one drink and which ones cannot.

Evidence strongly suggests that seeking total abstinence and avoiding high-risk situations are the optimal goal for people with alcoholism.

Inpatient Versus Outpatient Treatment

A number of treatment options now exist for alcoholism. It is first important to determine whether inpatient or outpatient care would best benefit the individual. Inpatient care is performed in a general or psychiatric hospital or in a center dedicated to treatment of alcohol and other substance abuse. It is recommended for the following people:

• Those with a coexisting medical or psychiatric disorder
• Those with delirium tremens
• Those who may harm themselves or others
• Those who have not responded to conservative treatments
• Those who have a disruptive home environment