Topical Medications
Topical medications are those applied only to the surface of the body. They come in the following forms:
- Ointments.
- Gels.
- Solutions.
- Creams.
- Sprays.
- Foams.
- Lotions.
- Shampoos.
- Occlusive tapes.
In general, topical treatments are the first line for mild to moderate psoriasis, but they may also be used alone or in combination with more powerful treatments for moderate to severe cases.
Topical Corticosteroids
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Benefits. Corticosteroid topical treatments are the mainstays of psoriasis treatments in the US and are effective for most patients. They have multiple benefits, including the following:
- They reduce inflammation.
- They inhibit cell proliferation.
- They alleviate itching. (Sometimes itching can also be a side effect of the drug itself, however.)
Brands differ in potency and many are available in a number of formulations, including lotions, solutions, creams, emollient creams, ointments, gels, sprays, and on tape. Foam preparations are particularly making compliance much easier. Injections of certain steroids, such as triamcinolone, may help treat nail psoriasis.
They are also available in a wide range of potencies generally given as follows:
- Less potent drugs should be used for mild to moderate psoriasis.
- Higher-potency agents are indicated for more severe disease.
Topical Regimen. An example of a topical regimen that uses a single agent is as follows:
- A high-potency topical corticosteroid, such as halobetasol (Ultravate) used daily until the psoriasis plaque flattens out. (The transitional phase)
- After that the steroid is applied only on the weekends for maintenance.
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