Immunizations - Measles, Mumps, and Rubella

(Page 3)

Recommendations for Adults. Many people are currently not getting routine boosters.

All adults who have been fully vaccinated either as a child or an adult should have a Td booster at least every 10 years. If they had not received a DTaP vaccination after age 19, they will need it for the next booster, but not afterwards.

Adults who have not previously been immunized to diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis at any age:

Should receive a series of three doses. One may be the tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine.
If pregnant, a woman should receive the Td vaccine in the second or third trimester.

text continues below

Previously vaccinated pregnant women should have a DTaP booster immediately after delivery.

Any patient who requires medical care for any wound may be a candidate for a tetanus vaccine. Wounds that put patients at highest risk for tetanus are puncture wounds or wounds contaminated with dirt or feces. Some considerations for tetanus vaccinations in wounded people are as follows:

A booster is needed if the last dose was given 5 or more years before the injury.
Children under 7 are usually given DTaP if they are not fully vaccinated.
Patients who have not completed their primary series of tetanus immunizations and people who had experienced an allergic response to a previous tetanus booster may be given tetanus immune globulin (TIG).

Side Effects of Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis (DTP) Vaccine

Allergic Reactions. In rare cases, people may be allergic to the older diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccine, DTP. Parents should tell their doctor if their children have any allergies. The newer vaccine, DTaP, may pose a slightly higher risk for an allergic reaction than the older vaccine, DTP. Children who have severe responses should not be given further vaccinations. A rash that occurs after a dose of DTP is of little consequence. In fact, it does not usually indicate an allergic response but only a temporary immune reaction and does not usually recur with subsequent shots. It should be noted that no deaths have been reported from allergic reactions, even severe (anaphylactic) ones, to the DTP vaccine.

Pain and Swelling at the Injection Site. Children may feel pain at the injection site. In some cases, a small lump may remain at the site for several weeks. Placing a clean, cool washcloth over any swollen, hot, or red area can help. Children should not be covered or wrapped tightly in clothes or blankets.