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Sigmoidoscopy
Definition:
Sigmoidoscopy is an internal examination of the distal large bowel (colon), using an instrument called a sigmoidoscope. The sigmoidoscope is a small camera attached to a flexible tube. It is inserted into the colon to examine the rectum, and the sigmoid and descending portions of the colon. Alternative Names:
Proctoscopy; Proctosigmoidoscopy Text Continues Below
How the test is performed:
During the test, you wear a hospital gown so that the lower half of your body is exposed. You are positioned on your left side with your knees drawn up toward your chest.
A gastroenterologist (a specialist in diseases of the digestive system) will gently insert a gloved and lubricated finger (or fingers) into the rectum to check for blockage and to dilate the anus. This is called a digital rectal examination.
Following the digital rectal exam, the sigmoidoscope will be inserted. This flexible fiberoptic tube is about 20 inches long.
The scope is gently advanced into the colon. Air is introduced into the scope to aid in viewing. The air may cause the urge to defecate. As the sigmoidoscope is slowly removed, the lining of the bowel is carefully examined. A channel in the scope allows for the passage of forceps for biopsies or other instruments for therapy. How to prepare for the test:
You must sign an informed consent form. You will wear a hospital gown. On the morning of the procedure, eat a light breakfast and then use a cleansing enema about 1 hour before the sigmoidoscopy. Infants and children: The preparation you can provide for this test depends on your child's age, previous experiences, and level of trust. For general information regarding how you can prepare your child, see the following topics:
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