Macrobid

[Nitrofurantoin]

Nitrofurantoin, in the form of Macrobid, has been shown to be active against most strains of the following bacteria both in vitro and in clinical infections: (See INDICATIONS AND USAGE.)

Gram-Positive Aerobes
Staphylococcus saprophyticus
Gram-Negative Aerobes
Escherichia coli

Nitrofurantoin also demonstrates in vitro activity against the following microorganisms, although the clinical significance of these data with respect to treatment with Macrobid is unknown:

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Gram-Positive Aerobes
Coagulase-negative staphylococci
(including Staphylococcus epidermidis)
Enterococcus faecalis
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus agalactiae
Group D streptococci
Viridans group streptococci

Gram-Negative Aerobes
Citrobacter amalonaticus
Citrobacter diversus
Citrobacter freundii
Klebsiella oxytoca
Klebsiella ozaenae

Nitrofurantoin is not active against most strains of Proteus species or Serratia species. It has no activity against Pseudomonas species.

Macrobid (nitrofurantoin monohydrate/ macrocrystals)
Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals 3
Revised March 2003

Antagonism has been demonstrated in vitro between nitrofurantoin and quinolone antimicrobials. The clinical significance of this finding is unknown.

Susceptibility Tests:

Dilution techniques:

Quantitative methods are used to determine antimicrobial minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC's). These MIC's provide estimates of the susceptibility of bacteria to antimicrobial compounds. The MIC's should be determined using a standardized procedure. Standardized procedures are based on a dilution method 1 (broth or agar) or equivalent with standardized inoculum concentrations and standardized concentrations of nitrofurantoin powder. The MIC values should be interpreted according to the following criteria:

MIC (µg/ mL) Interpretation
32 Susceptible (S) 64 Intermediate (I) 128 Resistant (R)

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